Sobre a consistência da violação da invariância de Lorentz na eletrodinâmica quântica.

Abstract

In this work we fix our attention to the impact of a term such as CPT - odd Chern - Simons or CFJ model in classical and quantum electrodynamics (QED) in (3+1) dimensions. From the classical point of view, we conducted a survey of the characteristics of Maxwell's theory, when this term is present. In QED we investigate the consistency of the possibility of inducing the CFJ model through radiative corrections. We used the method of derivative expansion of determinants, for massless and massive fermions. In the massless case, we rationalize the propagator of theory and show that the coefficient of the CFJ model can be found with finite and nonzero value through two different regularization schemes. In the massive case, we use an pertubative approximation up to first order in 6M, and we also show that the coefficient of the CFJ model does not change when applied two different regularization schemes. We conclude our work discussing the problem of a polarized photon while splitted in the vacuum. In the context of Lorentz symmetry violation, we show that it is possible to induce an effective action similar to CFJ model with non-zero coefficient.