Desenvolvimento de uma plataforma em tempo real para avaliar o impacto da geração fotovoltaica na rede elétrica de distribuição.

Abstract

This work presents the development of a digital platform based on real-time simulations to evaluate the impact of photovoltaic generation in power distribution networks. The development platform consists in the implementation of an actual secondary distribution network model, including the penetration of photovoltaic systems like distributed generation sources in OP5600 simulator Opal-RT, using SimPowerSystem Toolbox of Matlab/Simulink software. For proper modeling of the secondary network, was developed a methodology that takes into account the intrinsic characteristics of these networks, such as phase unbalance; short distances and; not transposed conductors. To maximize the performance of the model and allow its real-time simulation with 50 μs calculation step, a technique is presented for your decoupling in different subsystems, allowing processing on multiple CPU and without interfering in the accuracy of the results. The static power converters present in PV systems are modeled using average switching techniques. In addition to these techniques, also, is studied the modeling of converters using RT-Events toolbox specially developed by Opal for real-time simulation applications. To control power flow between PV systems and the grid, ensuring maximum power supply with approximately unitary power factor, ara analyzed several control strategies, having their tests made in the developed platform, by using hardware-in-the-loop techniques. For validation of methodology used, the results of real-time simulations obtained with the platform were compared with data from real network measurements, obtaining errors lower than 0.02%.