Determinação de impactos ambientais por despejo de resíduos hospitalares (medicamentos) em solo da cidade de Cuité no Curimataú paraibano.

Abstract

In the last decades has deepened concerns about the contamination and pollution of soil, surface and groundwater due to urban expansion and industrial. The result is the generation of wastes that are discarded indiscriminately into the environment, causing damage often irreversible and difficult recovery. Pharmaceuticals disposed in the environment without being properly treated, throw on the ground, in the waters of springs and groundwater substances that can become potentially polluting. These compounds can affect the environment in different means, either by contamination, alteration in the development of plant metabolism and incorporation or by animals. The study of environmental impacts was conducted in the rural municipality of Cuité, in the state of Paraíba in the Curimataú region, the study area is the soil where garbage in the open (dump) is dumped, more precisely in an area within that, which are arranged separately waste of health services (RSS) of the municipality. The objective of this study was to analyze the surface layers of soil in the area where the waste is disposed of health services in the municipality of Cuité, and determine the grain size, organic matter, acidity, exchangeable acidity and Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. As a methodological procedure, soil samples were analyzed at five different points, with points 1, 2 and 3 of the polluted area with RSS and points 4 and 5 of such waste free area. According to the results, the soil polluted and free of points of RSS are characterized by the same rating particle size, and we can compare the two areas by having the same classification of soil organic matter values were very similar in both areas, the pH increased, ie, decreased soil acidity, exchangeable acidity and decreased Mn and Zn increased in the area where they dumped the RSS. These results only show us soil contamination by residues of health services at the dump of Cuité, especially drugs dumped there.