Cuidado de enfermagem na avaliação nutricional durante o pré-natal em grávidas adolescentes.

Abstract

Pregnancy, as well as the adolescence, is a stage that causes increased nutritional needs, therefore, becomes relevant improve feeding, so that the mother is able to store nutrients for proper development and weight gain of the fetus, in addition to assisting in the establishment of maternal structures and lactation preparing. When combining pregnancy and adolescence, proper nutrition is essential, because the mother's body has not finalized its development yet and still needs to provide the fetus’s nutritional demand. Evaluating that the nutritional status of pregnant can interfere with obstetric outcomes, the objective of this research was to assess the dietary intake of pregnant adolescents in Basic Health Units in the Picuí County - Paraíba. This research was prospective, quantitative, cross-sectional, with predictive correlational designs. The study was conducted with pregnant adolescents, attending the prenatal in the basic units of Picuí County, in the 2013 November to December period. 20 teens has participated in the survey. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively, being discussed and represented in tables and charts. The average age of respondents was 17.25 years. Most of the patients (70%) had 1-2 minimum wages. Fifty-five percent of the adolescents had an appropriated gestational age BMI. The results of average energy and nutrients have shown that pregnant women need to improve their feeding: there was inadequate energy intake, consumption of protein, carbohydrate, zinc and vitamin C above the recommendations, while the intake of calcium and iron were below those recommended, lipids intake was the only adequate. Nutritional habits are crucial to the health of each person and their imbalance can cause various consequences. Has been noticed that a limited acquisitive power interferes in the food buying, leading to a feeding with a high amount of low cost energetic foods, being observable by the signifying consumption of these aliments. Therefore, the need to approach food consumption was observed, highlighting the relevance of nutritional assistance on the promotion, protection and health intervention, being doable by multidisciplinary team during prenatal consultations.