Formulação de esfoliante facial à base de argila e avaliação da eficácia por métodos histológicos e bioquímicos.

Abstract

The skin is the main organ of communication with the external medium. Besides the functions of relationship and protection, aesthetic appeal is considered of great importance in social relationships, thus, a variety of new methods, products and treatments that ensure a healthy skin are available in the beauty market. The exfoliating cosmetic is one, which has a function to remove cells from the skin surface, conditioning them and rejuvenating it. The clay, a mineral widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry is one example of raw material used in exfoliating formulations. This study aimed to develop an exfoliating body wash in the cosmetic form the basis of different types of clay and evaluate effectiveness by histological and biochemical methods. Three types of clays (white, green and red) were adopted and performed physicochemical characterization of raw material through the sieve analysis, physical structure using optical microscopy by incineration residue, compacted apparent density, and loss on drying. The liquid soap formulations were developed and the viscosity and pH parameters were analyzed using a specific methodology. The adopted pig ear skin (quadrant 2 cm2) for carrying out the histological study efficacy, but also peeling of the mary cosmetic product Kay® as standard. The efficacy study was divided into two methods: Method for reading optical and histological quantification method for proteins (kit reagent using total protein) microscopy. After sieve analysis, we adopted the clay range 100 mesh without coarse particles and homogeneous particle size. Microscopically similarity amorphous physical structure and appearance of the 3 types of argila.A loss on drying was found to be less than 1%, representing a low water content in the clay. The ash content presented differently (white clay 14.3% 17.7% Green and red 7%). The density of the white, green and red clay was 1.01, 0.84 and 1.04 g / ml, respectively. The problems of sedimentation of clays and decreased viscosity of soaps, derived from characteristics of each material were solved by adjusting the viscosity sepigel®. According to the histological test of efficacy was observed that the white clay and exfoliating the basis of liquid soap scrub exfoliative action not present in the stratum corneum, whereas the red and green exfoliating clay exfoliation were similar to the commercial product Mary Kay® , recognized mark of quality. As the analysis of total proteins, exfoliating commercial promoted 72% loss of protein, 63.7% of green clay and red clay 67%. The exfoliating white clay and the basis for exfoliating body wash promoted loss of 37.4%, attributed to the cleanliness of the area. These results were consistent in the two methods and elected exfoliating green and red as similar to the pattern adopted exfoliating clay can be used for the purpose proposed to replace other commercial product, as well as being proven effective, are classified as green cosmetics , thus presenting high added value.