Investigação da toxicidade de Sida santaremnensis através do bioensaio com Artemia salina leach.

Abstract

Since the dawn of humanity, medicinal plants are used as therapeutic resource. Circa 60-80% of the population of developing countries, depend on plants to take care of your health. A few species, 5% have been scientifically studied for their potential therapeutic and toxic. It is necessary to seek alternatives to aid in the discovery of the toxicity of the plants used by the population. The present work aims to evaluate the toxicological potential of crude ethanol extract and phases (hexanic, dichlorometanic, acetatoetílica and hydroalcoholic) of Sida santaremnensis, so as to contribute to their toxicological evaluation, aiming at safer use in pharmacological studies and determine the 50% lethal concentration (Lc50) of crude ethanol extract and the phases from this plant as parameter of toxicity. To this end, bioassay was applied with the cysts of Artemia salina described by Meyer. The crude ethanol extract presented an Lc50 = 24,44 (20,00 - 28,88) μg.ml-1, the dichlorometanic phase a Lc50 = 123,7 (77,87 - 196,4) μg.ml-1,the hydroalcoholic phase a Lc50 = 566,0 (509,4 - 629,0) μg.ml-1, the hexanic phase a Lc50 = 256,2 (188,6 - 372,9) μg.ml-1, and the acetatoetílica phase Lc50 = 100,0 (92,98 - 107,6) μg.ml-1. The diclorometânica phases and hexanic, showed moderate toxicity, the hydroalcoholic phase, presented low toxicity, the acetatoetílica phase and the crude ethanolic extract demonstrated higher toxicity.