Assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal com enfoque na prevenção da sífilis congênita.

Abstract

Syphilis is an infectious bacterial disease that can have an acute and chronic evolution caused by Treponema pallidium and its transmission occurs by unprotected sexual contact and through contaminated blood transfusion, rare these days, or it may be congenital , via transplacental.It is among the infectious diseases, which pregnant women are predisposed due to his low immune status at that stage. Is also important to emphasize that the eradication of syphilis has challenged health professionals and health authorities over the years. However, the rate of the same is an important indicator of quality of prenatal care , since it is an entirely preventable disease through early diagnosis and treatment of infected pregnant women. This study was conducted with the aim of contributing to the quality of prenatal care and the prevention, treatment and control of vertical transmission of syphilis in the Unified Health System (SUS). The study aimed to investigate the care practices followed by Family Health Strategy (FHS) nurses, while monitoring prenatal care, for the prevention of vertical transmission of syphilis ; Obtain the characterization data of Nurses , contemplating name, age, sex , FHU in which work and work experience in the FHS; Investigate the dynamics of adhesion of pregnant women to prenatal care , considering the scheduling of appointments , mean duration of consultations and attendance of pregnant women ; Consult the nurses' opinion about possible barriers about possible deeds for prevention of congenital syphilis. Furthermore, present the results of this study to the municipalities involved, with the objective of contributing to the strengthening of prevention of congenital syphilis. This was an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. This was carried out in the municipalities of Paraíba, Cuité and Picuí . The study population was composed of nurses from the Family Health Units ( FHU ) from the said municipalities . The sample was active nurses involved in monitoring prenatal services located in urban areas. To carry out the interviews and analyze them, the subjective questions data were transcribed, categorized and subcategorized according to thematic content analysis proposed by Bardin. Investigating the healthcare practices of nurses regarding the prevention of vertical transmission of congenital syphilis, it has been found the development of suitable actions according with ministerial directions. However, we also spotted some gaps that can be filled with larger deployments of activities related to quality care. Thus, one should point to the importance of the involvement of a multidisciplinary team, in actions for coping with congenital syphilis, especially the capture of fellow pregnant women and, above all, greater investment in health education. It is emphasized that this study does not answer all the questions involved in the prevention and 11 control of disease in focus, so further research in other scenarios may point to other increments able to answer intriguing questions regarding theme.