Doenças renais em idosos: perfil do tratamento e dos cuidados de enfermagem.

Abstract

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality, especially in the elderly. The overall objective of the study was to investigate the therapeutic modalities, complications and nursing care for elderly patients with kidney disease. The study was descriptive, documentary, retrospective, exploratory nature, with a quantitative approach, which addressed through medical records and nursing records the complications, treatment modalities and nursing care. The sample consisted of 78 elderly patients with chronic renal insufficiency who underwent treatment at the Clinic of Kidney Diseases Barbalha the period January 2008 to January 2014. Data collection was conducted during the month of February 2014, using the questionnaire. In this, the variables were collected: sociodemographic profile of the elderly, clinical profile, treatment modalities, complications and nursing care. A priori data were organized from Microsoft Office Excel 2010 program, later presented through graphs and tables, and analyzed according to other studies in the area and to the literature. The research followed the recommendations of Resolution No. 466, of December 12, 2012. The main findings were that 54 (69 %) were elderly above 66 years, 57 (73 %) were male and 53 (68 %) were married, 63 (81 %) were retired, 45 (58 %) residents unless 50 km Barbalha - Ceará, 30 (38 %) had hypertensive nephropathy, 43 (55 %) received treatment from one to five years, 47 (60 %) had negative serology for hepatitis B, 73 (93 %) hemodialysis; 50 (68 %) had an arteriovenous fistula as vascular access, 35 (45 %) performed the first dialysis of life electively, 49 ( 63%) of PTH < 300mp/dl, 37 (47 %) received between one and five transfusions blood, 66 (85 %) were of EPREX, 45 (58%) of intravenous iron, 38 (49%) of sevelamer, 27 (35%) of calcitriol, 66 (85%) reported the weight before and after dialysis; 78 (100 %) found vital signs; 160 administrations of medication; 60 administrations of vaccines, the main complication was anemia, and registered nursing care were directed mainly to the technical - scientific procedures. It is concluded that it is important for seniors health education involving their person, family and health care team in order to promote a better quality of life and minimize the risk of complications arising from kidney disease.