Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um descaroçador móvel e prensa enfardadeira para o beneficiamento do algodão.

Abstract

In the search of improvements in current yield rates and simultaneous costs reduction for cotton production in Brazil, new Technologies have been incorporated into the production system, to offer an alternative to vertical integration of production through their processing, with compact and mobile ginning equipment, allowing producers and associations add value to their production. In this way of research, the present work aimed to develop a machine composed by gin, press baler and tow, which concerns the familiar cotton growers. The gin machine consists of a manual feeder cleaner, saws cylinder, brushes cylinder, condenser and coil. The baler press consists of veneer, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pump, control valve actuation, filtering devices for hydraulic oil and manometer: and the tow composed by chassis of U corner, 13" wheels, axis cusp, two bundles with five coil springs, iron ballast and self brake. The hole set has been evaluated and validated in field and by cotton growers of family farming associations considering the main characteristics of: fiber technology and physical and physiological of seed. For the ginning was studied the rotations, cultivars, saws types and cleaning processes; for the baler press was evaluated the number of presses and the capacity for forming a bale; while to the tow was considerate the safety factor of the axis and chassis scaling. Based on the results, the set of gin, baler and tow fully complied with the efficiency required by textile industry. The proposed goals proved that the technological characteristics of the cotton fiber benefited remained within the standards established by classification norm for the textile industry to not damage the quality of seeds. During the evaluation and validation made by farmers, composed by 15 items, considering efficiency of gin and the bale weight, this machine received the concept "very good" of the family cotton growers.