Fatores determinantes da retenção de peso pós-parto em unidades de saúde da família do município de Cuité - PB.

Abstract

Nowadays obesity is considered a public health problem and affects more women of reproductive age. Studies show that excessive weight gain during pregnancy is characterized as one of the major risk factors for obesity, as well as the retention of postpartum weight. The postpartum weight retention is conditioned by multiple factors, including the characteristics of the mother, pregnancy, childbirth and lactation, with that highlights the need to better understand the determinants of this problem, since the existence of few studies in Brazil, especially in the northeastern region to address this theme. This work aims to analyze the determinants of postpartum weight retention in lactating women attended in the Family Health Units of the urban area of Cuité / PB. This study is part of the results of a larger research project entitled “Human milk at different stages of lactation: maternal anthropometric status and nutritional composition in the municipality of Cuité / PB”. It is about a follow up study with 28 lactating, through a questionnaire, were collected socioeconomic information, data regarding maternal and pregnancy characteristics and lactation. We collected in prenatal care, pre-pregnancy weight and the ninth prenatal consultation, as well as the weight and height in the first and fourth month of lactation were measured. For data analysis, SPSS statistical software for Windows, using descriptive and means analysis techniques was used. The results showed that lactating multiparous and had excessive weight gain during pregnancy, and this data was not related to pre-pregnancy state. Observed even higher mean retention in mothers with higher age, income above the poverty line, living with partner, are white, who had excessive weight gain and had cesarean delivery. Should also point out that the pre-gestational (Body Mass Index) BMI was not related to weight retention. Worth noting that the woman who had retained more than two pounds weight after childbirth, had her nutritional status changing from overweight to normal weight, highlighting the role of weight retention in the installation of obesity in women. Based on the results obtained, it is emphasized the importance of ongoing nutritional care of women of reproductive age, including nutritional monitoring in pre-gestational period, with improvements in prenatal care and postpartum, with the implementation of public policies that provide subsidies for the woman needed to prevent obesity.