Avaliação da sustentabilidade do modelo de alocação negociada de água na operação do reservatório Epitácio Pessoa, Paraíba.

Abstract

The process of negotiated water allocation seeks to minimize conflicts arising from the division of water resources among the various uses of the reservoir. This study analyzed the monthly operation of the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir in Paraíba, focusing on the Standard Operation Policy (SOP) and the negotiated allocation methodology (ANEG) proposed by the Brazilian National Water and Basic Sanitation Agency (ANA). The objective was to evaluate and compare the results using sustainability indicators from Hashimoto et al. (1982) to examine the performance of both models. The results demonstrated that, although the SOP model proved to be more reliable and resilient, it was not suitable for allocation due to its insufficient capacity for preservation in future crises. In contrast, the ANEG model exhibited lower vulnerability in critical situations, indicating that, despite its lower reliability, it may offer greater security. Both models resulted in a decrease in the total volume at the end of the project horizon, reinforcing the need to implement methodologies adapted to the hydrological reality of the region. This study highlights the importance of integrating allocation practices that balance security and resilience, considering sustainability indicators as fundamental in water management decisions.