Eleições 2024 em Campina Grande: Uma análise dialógico-discursiva de comentários on-Line no Instagram.

Abstract

The 2024 election in Campina Grande encompassed discourses of political engagement, mediated by social media. Observing confrontations in these environments, we perceive that users express themselves through comments, constructing values about candidates. None of these positions are neutral, since they indicate preferences, rejections, and interests as forms of insertion, revealing which ideologies are underlying and highlighting the fact that the electoral process resembles a struggle of meanings. The race for mayor included the following candidates: André Ribeiro, a lawyer affiliated with the Democratic Labor Party (PDT); Artur Bolinha, a businessman from Campina Grande affiliated with the Novo Party; Bruno Cunha Lima, the city's current mayor, from the União Brasil Party; Inácio Falcão, a former union leader affiliated with the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB); Jhony Bezerra, a doctor affiliated with the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB); and Nelson Júnior, a university professor affiliated with the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL). The problem of considering the electoral context, political discourse, and commentary in light of discursive interaction implies adopting a perspective on language that considers the enunciative events of concrete interaction, situated throughout history based on axiological and individual orientations. The relevance of this research lies in understanding language as essentially social, historical, and dialogical, and that its manifestation occurs through concrete utterances in specific contexts. The challenge of thinking about utterances reveals that each speech responds to replies, giving rise to dialogical relationships and points of view capable of consolidating values. This process also involves verbo-ideological violence, as a silencing imposition of voices that hierarchizes discourse. To aid the research, the following research question was raised: How is the phenomenon of discursive interaction established in online comments on Instagram about the 2024 mayoral election in Campina Grande? The chosen object of study was discursive interaction as revealed by dialogical relationships, points of view, and the various forms of verbo-ideological violence. The objectives listed were: General – to investigate the construction of discursive interaction in online comments on Instagram about the 2024 Elections in the municipality of Campina Grande; and Specific – a) to describe the enunciative events found in discourses circulating on the theme of the 2024 Elections in the context of Campina Grande based on content posted by media outlets in Paraíba; and b) to analyze the process of discursive interaction in online comments in terms of the establishment of dialogic relations, points of view, and forms of verbo-ideological violence that are invoked by social subjects in their online comments. For this work, part of the theory was (Bakhtin, 2016 [1952-1953], 2015 [1930]); Voloshinov, 2019 [1930]; Charaudeau (2019). The methodology is based on (Bakhtin, 2017 [1970-1971]; and Volóchinov, 2017 [1929]), which consider the expressive/speaking being and discursive interaction. Data generation took place from May to November 2024, among the profiles @tvparaiba, @tvarapuan and @blogdomarciorangel, resulting in 8 comments as the research corpus. The results revealed that the interactions were not only spaces for opinion, but environments of axiological disputes in politics. The statements revealed the circulation of discursive memories that revisited local events and mobilized values that guided the subjects' stance.