Os impactos ambientes na bacia de drenagem do açude do cemitério, em Baixio - CE.

Abstract

The degradation of water resources and natural areas as a result of disorganized human activities is one of the biggest environmental challenges facing contemporary societies, especially in semi-arid regions. This paper analyzes the environmental impacts on the Cemitério Dam drainage basin, located in the municipality of Baixio, Ceará, highlighting its importance as a source of water supply, fishing and leisure for the local population. In a semi-arid context, where reservoirs play a vital role in the subsistence of communities, inappropriate land use, deforestation, lack of sanitation infrastructure and proximity to the cemetery generate serious risks to water quality and the ecological balance of the reservoir. The general aim of the research is to analyze the main environmental impacts in this basin, identifying their causes and consequences, and proposing mitigation measures. To achieve this, a qualitative study was carried out, with an environmental diagnosis based on a bibliographic survey, documentary research and a field study, with direct observations, photographic records and conversations with local residents and authorities. The results reveal intense degradation of Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), water pollution from solid waste, sewage and necrochorume, as well as irregular land use for agricultural activities. The conclusion is that mitigating these impacts requires integrated actions, such as the recovery of riparian vegetation, the implementation of adequate sanitation infrastructure, environmental education and greater supervision. The study thus aims to support public policies and sustainable strategies for conserving the reservoir and improving the quality of life of the local population.