Estudo da anatomia topográfica da cavidade abdominal de gatos aplicado ao exame de ultrassonografia.

Abstract

Abdominal ultrasound is an extremely important complementary exam in the clinical routine of small animals, considering that it helps the veterinarian in the diagnosis of various diseases. To obtain good images and reliable results, the operator must have good knowledge of the topographic anatomy of the organs present in the abdominal cavity, as well as the differences between each species. The main objective of the present study was to study the topographic anatomy of the organs present in the abdominal cavity of cats applied to ultrasound examination, in addition to differentiating the anatomical particularities and scanning techniques specific to the species and their importance in the diagnosis of some diseases. To this end, cadavers of female and male cats were used, without defined breed and age, which were previously fixed and preserved in 10% form in specific tanks at the veterinary anatomy laboratory at the Federal University of Campina Grande. To delimit the topographic anatomical limits of each window, a wide abdominal trichotomy was performed and dissection was then carried out to evaluate the organs of each window. The bladder window covers the pubic and inguinal regions. The splenic window covers the left flank region and part of the umbilical region. The hepatic window corresponds to the xiphoid and hypochondriac regions, with the stomach and liver being the main organs seen. In the hepatic window, it covers the right flank and part of the umbilical regions, with the right kidney being the main organs visualized. In this study we can mention some different anatomical and ultrasound aspects of cats when compared to dogs, such as: left pancreatic lobe easier to evaluate due to its greater thickness; smaller sized spleen; easier to visualize abdominal urethra. Therefore, topographical anatomical knowledge of the organs of the abdominal cavity, as well as their differentiation between domestic species, is of fundamental importance for obtaining good ultrasound results of the abdominal cavity of cats.