Arborização urbana em área comercial e administrativa em São Francisco, semiárido paraibano.

Abstract

Urban forestry plays a fundamental role in the planning and sustainability of cities, providing environmental, social, and aesthetic benefits. This study aimed to diagnose urban forestry in the commercial and administrative center of São Francisco–PB, located in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil, by assessing species diversity, origin, distribution, and compliance with technical standards. The research was conducted through a tree inventory on four main streets, recording data such as common and scientific names, total height, soil-level diameter (SLD), origin, and phytosanitary condition. A total of 48 individuals were identified, distributed across five species, with a predominance of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Nim), which accounted for 66.6% of the total. This value exceeds the 15% limit established by ABNT NBR 16246-1 (2013), highlighting low diversity and a strong dependence on exotic species. The absence of native Caatinga species compromises ecological representativeness and reduces the resilience of urban forestry to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental conditions. The results emphasize the need for local urban forestry replanning, focusing on diversification and the use of native species adapted to semiarid environments. The diagnosis provides technical support for public policies and management strategies aimed at building more sustainable and resilient urban areas.