Análise multicritério dos serviços de saneamento da microrregião de Patos - PB.

Abstract

Basic sanitation is essential to ensure quality of life, public health, and environmental balance. In the microregion of Patos, in the state of Paraíba, sanitation services face significant challenges, such as low sewerage coverage and insufficient management of solid waste and stormwater. This study employs the TOPSIS methodology to conduct a multicriteria analysis of the services provided in the municipalities of the region, considering operational, economic, and environmental indicators obtained from the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS). The research was applied to the nine municipalities that make up the microregion, enabling a comparative evaluation among them and identifying their limitations and potential. Data were parameterized and classified according to ideal and anti-ideal values, revealing significant discrepancies in the services offered. Some municipalities stood out for having better infrastructure and efficient management, while others showed severe deficiencies in water supply and sewage treatment. The results indicate that São José de Espinharas achieved the highest indices within ideal criteria, whereas Mãe D'Água showed the worst performance across most of the indicators analyzed. The findings demonstrate that the lack of investments and structured planning negatively impacts the quality of services provided, requiring immediate actions such as expanding sewerage coverage, improving public management, and developing strategic partnerships to allocate more resources. The multicriteria analysis not only allowed for a detailed evaluation of the sanitation services situation in the municipalities but also proposed solutions to optimize sanitation infrastructure in the region, contributing to sustainable development and improving the population's living conditions.