Avaliação de riscos ocupacionais e da qualidade de vida no trabalho: estudo de caso em uma empresa de confecções.

Abstract

This study integrated Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) with Quality of Work Life (QWL) measurement to deliver a systemic diagnostic assessment in a children’s apparel manufacturing company characterized by repetitive tasks and high physical and cognitive demands. The objective was to assess occupational risks and QWL in order to support improvements in working conditions. An applied, qualitative, exploratory case study design was adopted, with five site visits and on-site data collection through direct observation, photographic records, informal interviews, and review of documents and practices. The following instruments were used: (i) PHA to identify hazardous events, causes, and consequences, rate likelihood and severity, and prioritize controls; (ii) a QWL questionnaire, adapted to the context, with forty-eight items across eight factors on a five-point scale; and (iii) a compliance checklist against the applicable Brazilian Regulatory Norms (NRs). The sample comprised seven workers from sewing, screen printing, and cutting. The risk matrix identified eleven unacceptable scenarios, eight moderate, and none acceptable. Critical hazards included noise, chemical agents in screen printing, deficient electrical installations, shortcomings in layout and signage, awkward postures, and task repetitiveness. The regulatory review revealed gaps in risk management, fire protection, housekeeping and traffic routes, machine guarding, electrical systems, ergonomics, and sanitary conditions. In QWL, lower satisfaction was observed regarding compensation, near-neutral results for health and safety, and a generally positive trend in the remaining factors. Integrating the PHA and worker perceptions yielded a comprehensive, decision-useful diagnosis, indicating immediate priorities in electrical upgrades, fire prevention, housekeeping and signage, personal protective equipment programs, and ergonomic adjustments, as well as foundational actions in risk management, training, communication, and inspections. Anticipated outcomes include reduced accidents and work absences, productivity and quality gains, stronger worker engagement, and reinforcement of legal compliance and safety culture.