Fatores de risco psicossociais no trabalho e a revisão da NR-1: a percepção dos trabalhadores do setor varejista sobre o gerenciamento dos riscos ocupacionais.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the perception of workers in a retail company regarding the identification of psychosocial risk factors in the context of Occupational Risk Management (GRO). Psychosocial factors refer to elements of the work environment and organization that can affect workers' physical and mental health. In light of the reformulation of NR-1, which reinforces the requirement for the identification and action plans for occupational risks, investigating workers' perceptions becomes essential. A cross-sectional, quantitative, and descriptive study was conducted. The Psychosocial Risk Assessment Protocol at Work (PROART) was applied to twenty participants with an active employment bond in a retail company. Data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics, supported by the theoretical framework of Work Psychodynamics. The findings show high average scores in the work organization dimension, indicating a positive perception of physical conditions, task clarity, and hierarchical communication. The management and interpersonal relations dimension revealed the appreciation of collectivity, although the item “commitment without return” highlighted a potential weakness in recognition. The averages of pathogenic suffering were low, but somatic complaints emerged, such as headaches and body pain, suggesting ergonomic attention. It is concluded that workers’ perception is a valid tool to support risk management, aligned with NR-1 requirements. The study achieved its objective by identifying relevant factors that can guide preventive interventions, although generalization is limited by the small sample and sectoral scope. It is recommended to expand samples and include qualitative approaches to deepen evidence. Furthermore, the implementation of ergonomic actions, recognition programs, and periodic monitoring with validated instruments is suggested to ensure continuous improvement of working conditions and reduction of psychosocial risk factors, as well as impact assessment.