O racismo estrutural na educação de jovens e adultos (EJA): uma análise dialética sobre a negação do direito à educação a partir do caso de Campina Grande/PB

Abstract

This research investigates the contradictions between the regulatory framework that ensures the right to education with equity and the concrete reality expressed in the ethnic-racial profile of students in Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba. Based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Historical and Dialectical Materialism, the study analyzes the phenomenon of school exclusion not as an isolated event, but as the result of macrostructural processes determined by structural racism and class inequalities. The methodological path was characterized as a critical research approach, combining a literature review, document analysis, and the collection of official statistical data from the School Census/INEP and the Municipal Department of Education (SEDUC). Empirical results demonstrate that EJA in the local scenario is predominantly Black, given that approximately 79% of enrolled students self-identify as pretos (Black) or pardos (mixed-race). This overview highlights the gap between the universality of the right proclaimed in the 1988 Federal Constitution and the 1996 LDB, and the materiality of the subjects' lives. It concludes that the racialized bias of the EJA public serves as an indicator of social injustice and a structural failure of the regular school system. Therefore, it emphasizes the urgency of systemic financing policies and structured anti-racist pedagogical actions, ensuring that this educational modality effectively fulfills its restorative and emancipatory role in the face of the Brazilian State's historical debts to the Black population.